The place that now occupies the church, there were two chapels, one of them probably built in 1575 and the other  built around 1605. The construction of the current temple was began by the priest Antonio Flores Acevedo in 1704 and  finished by the priest Manuel Colon de Larreategui in 1738.
The north tower was finished in 1764 and the south in 1946. The diocese of Aguascalientes was established by the Papal Bull, His Holiness Pope Leon XIII, called Apostolic See in 1889.
The image of the Virgin of the Assumption which is in the cypress of the precinct, was brought from Spain to replace the old one in 1919. The cathedral is located in front of the Plaza de la Patria, in the town centre.
There, stands out a beautiful white marble cypress which houses the image of the Virgin of the Assumption, patron saint of the city. In the apse are the chairs of carved wood and the painting of San Juan Nepomuceno. In the central nave is the pulpit with speaker's stand, and a tubular wood organ sticks out from the choir.